When it comes to dealing with a bed bug infestation, the first step is being able to identify these pesky insects. True bed bugs (Cimex lectularius) are small, oval-shaped creatures that belong to the family Cimicidae. Measuring about 5-7 millimeters in length, they have flat bodies that allow them to easily hide in crevices during the day.
One of the key physical characteristics of bed bugs is their reddish-brown color. However, their color can change to a darker shade after feeding on blood. This nocturnal behavior is what makes them particularly bothersome for humans, as they tend to come out at night to feed on their unsuspecting hosts.
To further aid in identification, bed bugs have a distinct wingless feature. Instead of wings, they have a pair of vestigial wing pads on their backs. While they may not have the ability to fly or jump, they are adept climbers. With specially adapted legs, bed bugs can live on walls, and are able to maneuver easily and quickly on different surfaces such as bedding, and furniture.
Another important feature to note is their size and shape. Bed bugs have a dorsoventrally flattened body, meaning they are thin from top to bottom. This allows them to squeeze into narrow cracks and crevices, making it challenging to locate and eliminate them. Additionally, they have a beak-like mouthpart called a proboscis that they use to pierce the skin of their hosts to extract blood for feeding.
When inspecting for bed bugs, it is crucial to search for potential signs of infestation. Look out for tiny dark spots or stains on mattresses, sheets, and furniture, which could be fecal matter or blood spots left behind by the bugs. You may also notice shed exoskeletons (cast skins), dead bed bugs or a sweet, musty odor in heavily infested areas.
Taking the time to identify bed bugs is an essential step in effectively getting rid of them. By having a clear understanding of their physical characteristics and behavior, you can implement appropriate control measures and prevent further infestation in your home.